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Shloka 10

In this Part, we will explore the meaning of the Tenth Shloka of Sri Vishnu Sahasranamam.

सुरेशश्शरणं शर्म विश्वरेताः प्रजाभवः ।अहस्संवत्सरो व्यालः प्रत्ययस्सर्वदर्शनः ॥ १० ॥

Sureśaśśaraṇaṃ śarma viśvaretāḥ prajābhavaḥ ।Ahassaṃvatsaro vyālaḥ pratyayassarvadarśanaḥ ॥ 10 ॥

Purport:
The Lord is the Supreme Commander who has utmost compassion for those who surrender Unto Him and He guarantees their eternal bliss. He is the root Cause for the Universe and is the Creator of all beings. He protects his devotees and He is time itself. He is also difficult to grasp by demons and He is the One on whom the devotees can rely with total confidence. He is All seeing, Omnipresent, Omniscient and ever ready to shower his grace on his devotees. Hari Om!

This Shloka contains the following 10 Namas:

Sureshah
Sharanam
Sharma
Vishvaretah
Prajaabhavah
Ahah
Samvatsarah
Vyaalah
Pratyayah
Sarvadarshanah

The Lord is the Supreme Commander of all Devas and hence He is Sureshah. He is Sharanam as He has utmost compassion for those who surrender Unto Him. He guarantees eternal bliss and is Sharma. He is the root cause for the Universe, so He is Vishvaretah and since He is the Creator of all beings, He is Prajabhavah.

He is luminous and radiant as Ahah. He is Samvatsara, time itself. He is Vyaalah as He is difficult to grasp by demons and He is Pratyayah, upon whom one can rely with total confidence. He is All seeing, Omnipresent, Omniscient and ever ready to shower his grace on his devotees and hence Sarvadarshanah.

Now let’s examine the meaning of the above Namas in detail.

NAME 85

Sureśaḥ सुरेशः

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Sureśa means the Lord of all gods. Every aspect of creation is represented by a god or goddess. For example, Varuṇa is the god who presides over water; Agni presides over fire, etc. Viṣṇu is the Chief of all such gods and goddesses. Sureshah – The Lord of the Devas. “ Suranam Isah Suresah...Read More

NAME 84

Ātmavān आत्मवान्

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He is established in Himself and every other being is supported by Him. The Brahman has no origin and everything else, both movables and immovables, originate from Him. Chāndogya Upniṣad (VII.xxiv.1), “It rests on its own power – no, not even on that power (this means the Brahman does not depend on anything, not even...Read More

NAME 83

Kṛtiḥ कृतिः

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Kṛti means the Creator. With reference to the previous nāma, this nāma should be interpreted as the One who creates the rules of dharma-s. Dharma is the customary observance of certain conducts prescribed by śāstra-s. Śāstra-s are religious treatises. There are two types of śāstra-s. The first one is prescribed based on the teachings of...Read More

NAME 82

Kṛtajñaḥ कृतज्ञः

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Kṛtajña means the one who knows what is right and conducts himself in the rightful manner. Viṣṇu is always known for His righteousness. He is said to be the Lord of righteousness. He sets an example to others by following righteousness. Righteousness is nothing but religious percepts, exclusively for the purpose of Realisation. Kṛṣṇa says...Read More

NAME 81

Durādharṣaḥ दुराधर्षः

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Durādharṣa means invincible. There is a subtle conveyance in this nāma. This nāma says that He cannot be conquered. This nāma does not speak about His valour. This is particularly so because of the previous nāma. Conquering here means, the conquering His heart. He heart cannot be conquered by those who are not devout to...Read More

NAME 80

Anuttamaḥ अनुत्तमः

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One who is ‘incomparably Great’ in glory-Anuttamo. In the Sanskrit construction of the word, it means something more than what we have said; it means: ‘He is one, beyond whom there exists none who is greater than He (unexcelled). The Upanishad itself describes Him: In Gita (XI-43) we read: “For Thy equal exists not, whence...Read More

NAME 79

Kramaḥ क्रमः

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Kramah – He maintains order in the Universe According to Panini Sutra, which reads “Vrtti-Sarga-Tayaneshu Kramah”, Krama indicates continuity, energy, or good progress or development. He who is All-Pervading is Kramah. Because of His All-Pervasiveness, the Infinite is called as Vishnu. That which goes beyond the frontiers of the known is the Supreme, and, therefore,...Read More

NAME 78

Vikramaḥ विक्रमः

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Kramaṇa means transgression and vi-kramaṇa means without transgression. Viṣṇu is the lord of dharma śāstra-s. He never transgresses śāstras. All the śāstras originate from Him. Vikramah – One with Giant Strides This name can be interpreted in 4 different ways. A person of great Valour as in the earlier Nama Vikrami (76th naama). A person of Giant...Read More

NAME 77

Medhāvī मेधावी

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Medhā means intelligence personified. Brahman alone is Medhāvī because all the Vedas originate from Him. Vedas are said to be His breath. The best of human knowledge is only a miniscule of His knowledge. Muṇḍaka Upaniṣad (I.i.9) explains this, “The Brahman is all-knowing, who knows everything in detail. From His knowledge came names, forms and...Read More

NAME 76

Dhanvi धन्वि

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Dhanvin means armed with one bow, known as śārṅgi. He holds bow to establish virtues in the universe. Dhanvi – The wielder of the bow Basically this means the wielder of the bow. ‘Dhanurasya asti iti Dhanvee – He is called Dhanvee because he wields the bow expertly. His bow is the great ‘Saarnga’ because of...Read More

NAME 75

Vikramī – विक्रमि

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He is Courageous Vikrami has two meanings: He who is ever a courageous One, is Vikrami. Sri Parasara Bhattar points out that the name signifies His Nature and dispels all possibilities of anything going against His Will or desire. Vikrami also refers to Bhagavan’s Vamana Avataar. Vikrami is one who has the “Special” footsteps referring to his transformation...Read More

NAME 74

Īśvaraḥ ईश्वरः

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Nāma 36 is also Īśvaraḥ, which described Him as the master of the universe. Īś means to possess and vara means to reward. He possesses the capacity to reward His devotees. Brahman alone has the capacity to reward whatever is prayed for. If devotees ask for wealth, He gives them wealth. If they ask Him...Read More

NAME 73

Madhusūdanaḥ मधुसूदनः

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He is the destroyer of a demon by name Madhu. Sūdana means destruction. Madhu also refers to charming and delightful things. Charming and delight are the experiences associated with sensory organs. Sensory organs cause impressions in the mind, which in turn prevents the mind in becoming pure. If an aspirant surrenders to Viṣṇu, He ensures...Read More

NAME 72

Mādhavaḥ माधवः

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Mā refers to Goddess Lakṣmī and dhava means husband. Goddess Lakṣmī is the consort of Viṣṇu. Both Viṣṇu and Śiva hold their consorts in high esteem. Viṣṇu holds Lakṣmī in His chest and Śiva holds His consort Śakti in His left lap. Both Viṣṇu and Śiva are the cause of creation and this cause is...Read More

NAME 71

Bhūgarbhaḥ भूगर्भः

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Brahman carries the Mother Earth in His womb. He nourishes Mother Earth like a mother taking care of her child in her womb. Bhūmi means Earth and Bhūmā Devi means Mother Earth. Mother Earth is said to be highly sacred in nature as She beholds several gods and goddesses, celestial beings, ancestors, etc. Bhūsūkta, a...Read More

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